Geology, Geophysics and Environment https://journals.agh.edu.pl/geol <p style="text-align: justify;"><img style="float: left; margin-right: 15px; margin-bottom: 5px;" src="https://journals.agh.edu.pl/public/site/images/admin/geology-logo1.jpg" alt="gge" width="200" height="301" /></p> <p>Geology, Geophysics and Environment (eISSN: 2353-0790; ISSN: 2299-8004) is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal. There is no charge to authors for the article processing.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">Geology, Geophysics and Environment publishes original papers, articles and notes from the Earth and Environmental Science field. The journal was previously published under the title of Geologia Kwartalnik AGH (AGH Geology Quarterly). The first issue of the journal was published in 1974. In 2012 the title was changed into Geology, Geophysics and Environment.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en">.</span></p> <pre id="tw-target-text" class="tw-data-text tw-text-large XcVN5d tw-ta" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" data-placeholder="Tłumaczenie"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en"> </span></pre> AGH University Press en-US Geology, Geophysics and Environment 2299-8004 <p><a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" rel="license"><img style="border-width: 0;" src="http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png" alt="Licencja Creative Commons" /></a><br /><br /></p> <p>Authors have full copyright and property rights to their work. Their copyrights to store the work, duplicate it in printing (as well as in the form of a digital CD recording), to make it available in the digital form, on the Internet and putting into circulation multiplied copies of the work worldwide are unlimited.</p> <p>The content of the journal is freely available according to the <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)</a></p> Front page https://journals.agh.edu.pl/geol/article/view/5250 - Copyright (c) 2023 2022-12-28 2022-12-28 48 4 332 332 Editorial page https://journals.agh.edu.pl/geol/article/view/5245 - Copyright (c) 2023 2022-12-28 2022-12-28 48 4 333 333 Table of contents https://journals.agh.edu.pl/geol/article/view/5246 - Copyright (c) 2023 2022-12-28 2022-12-28 48 4 334 334 Instruction for the authors https://journals.agh.edu.pl/geol/article/view/5247 - Copyright (c) 2023 2022-12-28 2022-12-28 48 4 413 414 List of Reviewers https://journals.agh.edu.pl/geol/article/view/5248 <p><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 108.683px; font-size: 33.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.772576);">LIST OF </span><span style="left: 262.099px; top: 108.683px; font-size: 33.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.824875);">THE </span><span style="left: 333.666px; top: 108.683px; font-size: 33.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.787695);">REVIEWERS<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 189.406px; font-size: 23.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.794512);">“GEOLOGY, GEOPHYSICS &amp; ENVIRONMENTAL” VOL. 48 (2022)</span></p> <p><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 270.289px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.813004);">Alper Baba<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 292.784px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.828234);">Grzegorz Bania<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 315.279px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.833716);">Aziz Behrami<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 337.774px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.801458);">Jacek Bełdowski<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 360.269px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.816436);">Przemysław Bukowski<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 382.764px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.825109);">Krzysztof Chmielowski<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 405.259px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.839276);">Mihaly Dobroka<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 427.754px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.827686);">Krzysztof Dudek<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 450.249px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.82599);">Priscillia Egbelehulu<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 472.744px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.838545);">Monika Fabiańska<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 495.239px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.823149);">Andy Gale<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 517.734px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.835141);">Attila Galsa<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 540.229px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.823207);">Agnieszka Gruszecka-Kosowska<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 562.724px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.861751);">Martin Hanáček<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 585.219px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.828721);">Jozef Hanculak<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 607.714px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.833009);">Iva Hunova<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 630.209px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.807563);">Lucie Juřičková<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 652.704px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.818441);">Barbara Kiełczawa<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 675.199px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.838716);">Katarzyna Koltonik<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 697.694px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.841266);">Andrzej Kotyrba<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 720.189px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.815771);">Jolanta Kuś<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 742.684px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.82677);">Polina Lemenkova<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 765.179px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.818001);">Krzysztof Leszczyński<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 787.674px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.826007);">Monika Łój<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 810.169px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.822412);">Tomasz Maćkowski<br /></span><span style="left: 141.732px; top: 832.664px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.835396);">Peter Malik<br /></span><span style="left: 531.499px; top: 270.16px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.84563);">Marek Marciniak<br /></span><span style="left: 531.499px; top: 292.655px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.835718);">Włodzimierz Margielewski<br /></span><span style="left: 531.499px; top: 315.15px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.830818);">Tadeusz Molenda<br /></span><span style="left: 531.499px; top: 337.645px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.841584);">Rifat Morina<br /></span><span style="left: 531.499px; top: 360.14px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.827825);">Bogdan Niculescu<br /></span><span style="left: 531.499px; top: 382.635px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.847506);">Monika Okońska<br /></span><span style="left: 531.499px; top: 405.13px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.849948);">Luan Thanh Pham<br /></span><span style="left: 531.499px; top: 427.625px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.658798);">Yana Popiuk<br /></span><span style="left: 531.499px; top: 450.12px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.830239);">Adam Porowski<br /></span><span style="left: 531.499px; top: 472.615px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.832172);">Muppidi Ravi Kumar <br /></span><span style="left: 531.499px; top: 495.11px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.812326);">Paweł Rostkowski<br /></span><span style="left: 531.499px; top: 517.605px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.82098);">Joanna Rychel<br /></span><span style="left: 531.499px; top: 540.1px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.828925);">Petr Schnabl<br /></span><span style="left: 531.499px; top: 562.595px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.823406);">Klaudia Sekuła<br /></span><span style="left: 531.499px; top: 585.09px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.822794);">Łukasz Słonka<br /></span><span style="left: 531.499px; top: 607.585px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.819097);">Pál Sümegi<br /></span><span style="left: 531.499px; top: 630.08px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.806319);">Ewa Świerczewska-Gładysz<br /></span><span style="left: 531.499px; top: 652.575px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.850256);">Kaisa Turunen<br /></span><span style="left: 531.499px; top: 675.07px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.844307);">Yatheesh Vadakkeyakath<br /></span><span style="left: 531.499px; top: 697.565px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.849197);">Shahab Varkouhi<br /></span><span style="left: 531.499px; top: 720.06px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.842088);">Orlando Vaselli<br /></span><span style="left: 531.499px; top: 742.555px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.84072);">Katarzyna Wątor<br /></span><span style="left: 531.499px; top: 765.05px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.86247);">Jutta Winsemann<br /></span><span style="left: 531.499px; top: 787.545px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.823581);">Wang Yafeng<br /></span><span style="left: 531.499px; top: 810.04px; font-size: 18.3333px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.829442);">Tomasz Zielonka</span></p> - Copyright (c) 2023 2022-12-28 2022-12-28 48 4 415 415 Delineation of wellhead protection area based on the analytical elements method (AEM) – a case study with comparative research https://journals.agh.edu.pl/geol/article/view/4865 <p>The delineation of protection zones for groundwater intakes is a difficult task resulting from the significant variability of regional and local environmental conditions. Different methods are used, both simple (analytical or graphic), giving estimated results, and the most reliable, but also the most time-consuming ones, based on numerical groundwater flow models. An alternative method for the delineation of protection zones is the analytical elements method (AEM), which gives solutions like those obtained using FDM/FEM modelling methods with a relatively low degree of complexity. The estimated ranges of protection zones obtained with the use of four methods are presented for the selected test area (groundwater intake around Olesno). Results obtained with the use of the FDM model were taken as reference and CFR and SimpleWHPA were used as simplified methods. Comparative studies indicate that the results obtained by the CFR method differ significantly from the results of other methods, and their reliability is low. The results of the SimpleWHPA method are satisfactory, given the relative simplicity of the method. On the other hand, the results obtained with the AEM are close to the results obtained with the FDM treated as a reference. Considering that AEM is less time-consuming than FDM (which requires the most effort for proper model preparation), the use of AEM in the practice of protection zone delineation seems to be an interesting alternative.</p> Maciej Nikiel Robert Zdechlik Copyright (c) 2023 2022-12-15 2022-12-15 48 4 335–352 335–352 10.7494/geol.2022.48.4.335 The environmental fate of metals from zinc and lead mining area in surface water (Przemsza River, southern Poland) https://journals.agh.edu.pl/geol/article/view/4284 <p>The chemical composition of surface waters of the Przemsza River flowing through Upper Silesia (in southern Poland) is strongly affected by Zn and Pb ore, and less by Carboniferous hard coal deposits. The chemical type of surface water is Ca-HCO<sub>3</sub>. In the waters, three groups of metals and metalloids were found that directly interfere with the mineralization of the deposit. Although genetically related to the same deposit, each group exhibits a different fate in the environment. A typical deposit association is Pb-Zn-Ag-As-Sb-Hg. The first group of metals in surface waters is consistent with the typical association of the ore Zn-Pb-Cd-(Tl), the second includes Ag-Sb-Hg, and the third includes the additives in the zinc and lead ore Co-Ni-Mo-Mn:<br />[(Ca↔Na)+(HCO<sub>3</sub>↔Cl)]+[(Zn-Pb-Cd-(Tl))+(Ag-Sb-Hg)+Co-Ni-Mo-Mn)].<br />Depending on the pH-Eh conditions, metals and metalloids precipitate out of the solution or sorb on solid particles. The concentrations of individual groups of metals are interdependent but show different environmental fates along the river course. The natural process of the enrichment of surface waters with Zn-Pb-Cd-(Tl) is by water circulation in a rock matrix naturally rich in the metals and draining groundwaters by the river. Under oxidizing and slightly alkaline conditions, Ag-Sb-Hg incorporated into the soluted chemical compounds, may, when the physicochemical parameters of the waters change, be adsorbed and/or precipitated. The presence and ratio of concentrations of Co-Ni-Mo-Mn with respect to zinc are almost identical, differing only in concentration.</p> Dorota Pierri Marcin Rutkowski Copyright (c) 2022 2022-10-25 2022-10-25 48 4 353–366 353–366 10.7494/geol.2022.48.4.353 Transport parameters of selected neonicotinoids in different aquifer materials using batch sorption tests https://journals.agh.edu.pl/geol/article/view/4996 <p>Contamination of surface and groundwater by neonicotinoids is a global problem and requires comprehensive action by individual countries in order to identify in detail the processes affecting the transport of these pesticides, their properties, and their harmfulness to the environment. The aim of this study was to assess the transport (expressed by sorption parameters) of selected neonicotinoids in the aquatic environment, using batch tests. Tests were carried out for acetamiprid individually and a mixture of five neonicotinoids (acetamiprid, clothianidin, imidacloprid, thiacloprid, and thiamethoxam), for three different aquifer materials and quartz sand. Based on the obtained values of the sorption parameters, the greatest sorption of neonicotinoids was observed on soil with the highest content of organic matter and clay minerals content, while no sorption of these pesticides was observed on quartz sand. In addition, it was noticed that individual neonicotinoids undergo sorption to a different degree — thiacloprid was the most sorbed (R-value in the range 3.13–26.03), while thiamethoxam was the least (R-value in the range 1.89–8.41).</p> Damian Pietrzak Jarosław Kania Ewa Kmiecik Copyright (c) 2023 2022-12-05 2022-12-05 48 4 367–379 367–379 10.7494/geol.2022.48.4.367 New filtration parameters from X-ray computed tomography for tight rock images https://journals.agh.edu.pl/geol/article/view/5097 <p>New parameters are proposed to evaluate the filtration properties of rocks obtained on the basis of 3D interpretation of images from X-ray computed tomography. The analyzed parameters are: global average pore connectivity, average blind pore connectivity, blind pore coefficient per object and blind pore coefficient per branch. The 3D pore space from computed X-ray tomography must be subjected to a process of pore space transformation into a skeleton. Then, the presented parameters can be evaluated, taking into consideration the pore channels (branches), pore channel connection points (junctions) and blind pores (pore without connection to the other pore). The calculations were made for low porosity sandstones, mudstones, limestones, and dolomites which differ in terms of age and depth of present deposition. The global average pore connectivity reflects the degree of development of the pore space in which the formation fluid can flow. The higher the global average pore connectivity, the most complex the pore structure can be expected. The higher the parameter of the average blind pore connectivity, the worse are the filtration properties of the rock. The higher the concentration of blind pore coefficient per object or branch, the worse the filtration properties of the rock. Moreover, new parameters were compared with the Euler characteristic and coordination number, revealing a high consistency.</p> Paulina Krakowska-Madejska Copyright (c) 2023 2022-12-19 2022-12-19 48 4 381–392 381–392 10.7494/geol.2022.48.4.381 Preliminary studies of photolysis and TiO2-montomorillonite-immobilised photocatalysis processes for the degradation of organic pollutants in water treatment https://journals.agh.edu.pl/geol/article/view/4813 <p>Organic compounds are the most diverse group of contaminants. The largest anthropogenic source of these contaminants in water is municipal and industrial wastewater. One of the indicators of surface water pollution is biological oxygen demand (BOD). Purifying water from organic micropollutants is a serious challenge and requires the development of newer and more effective methods. The removal of such contaminants is most effective only in advanced oxidation processes (AOP), which include UV photolysis and photocatalysis. The presented results are from preliminary research to evaluate the effectiveness of water treatment by ultraviolet (UV) photolysis and photocatalysis. Treatment efficiency was evaluated on the basis of changes in the BOD index before and after the advanced oxidation process of raw water. The values of the BOD<sub>5</sub> index determined in accordance with PN-EN 25813:1997. The exposure time of the samples was a maximum of 60 minutes. The tested material was water samples taken from the Rudawa River, which is one of the drinking water sources for Krakow. The initial BOD<sub>5</sub> value (expressed as concentration of O<sub>2</sub>) for all samples was about 8 mg/L but it has decreased to over 2 mg/L due to AOP processes. This means that after an hour, more than 75% of organic compounds present in the raw water were removed. For photocatalysis (TiO<sub>2</sub>-MMT), the exposure time of the samples was a maximum of 35 minutes. Water samples taken from the Rudawa River were also used as test material. The initial BOD<sub>5</sub> value for all samples was about <br />9 mg/L but it has decreased to about 4 mg/L due to the photocatalysis process. This means that after 35 minutes, 55% of the organic compounds present in the raw water were removed.</p> Justyna Pamuła Magdalena Karnas Katarzyna Styszko Copyright (c) 2023 2022-11-28 2022-11-28 48 4 393 404 10.7494/geol.2022.48.4.393 A new agglutinated foraminiferal species (Arenoturrispirillina waskowskae sp. nov.) from the Danian of Contessa, Italy https://journals.agh.edu.pl/geol/article/view/5054 <p>This paper describes a new Paleogene deep-water agglutinated foraminifera from the Contessa Highway Section, Umbria-Marche Basin, Italy. The new species Arenoturrispirillina waskowskae is characterised by its predominently high trochospiral coiling, which distinguishes it from the genus Glomospira. The new species is also found in the Polish Carpathians.</p> Syouma Hikmahtiar Michael A. Kaminski Copyright (c) 2023 2022-12-16 2022-12-16 48 4 405 411 10.7494/geol.2022.48.4.405